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住在繁忙路边 增加失忆症风险 Hong Chen

已有 308 次阅读2017-1-5 14:03 |个人分类:medicine| 中文



http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/science-38518261

研究人员在过去11年跟踪了加拿大的200万人,他们发现(路旁的)污染和车流噪音可能是导致这种大脑衰退的
研究人员在过去11年跟踪了加拿大的200万人,他们发现(路旁的)污染和车流噪音可能是导致这种大脑衰退的"罪魁祸首"。

最新发表在《柳叶刀》上的研究显示,生活在靠近繁忙主路旁边的人更容易患失忆症。

这份研究显示,11%生活在主要道路50米内的失忆症患者得病的原因可能是车流。

研究人员在过去11年跟踪了加拿大的200万人,他们发现(路旁的)污染和车流噪音可能是导致这种大脑衰退的"罪魁祸首"。

不过英国的失忆症专家说,这一研究发现需要再调查,但是"可信的"。

全球范围内,将近5000万人患有失忆症。不过,这种疾病的起因还不是很清楚。

人口增长

这份发表在《柳叶刀》上的研究在2001年和2012年间,研究人员跟踪了200万在加拿大人安大略省的居民。

在这段时间内,有243,611人被诊断为失忆症。研究人员发现,生活在主要公路旁的人群的患病风险更大。

与那些生活在距离主路300米开外的人群相比,生活在主路边50米内的人患失忆症的比例要高出7%;比生活在50至100米内的人群高出4%;比生活在101至200米的人群高出2%。

这份研究还显示,7%至11%生活在距离主路50米以内人群的失忆症可能是由车流引起的。

当然,研究人员也调整了数据,将诸如贫困、肥胖和教育水平,以及是否吸烟等囊括在内。

公共卫生负担

供职于加拿大安大略公共卫生局(Public Health Ontario)和临床评价科学研究所(Institute of Clinical Evaluative Sciences)的研究员陈宏(Hong Chen,音译)说,随着人口的增加和城镇化的加快,越来越多的人现在生活在靠近大车流的地方,现今的这一发现可能会给未来造成重大的公共卫生负担。

"更多对其关系的研究需要进行,尤其针对不同车流方面的影响,比如空气污染物和噪音。"

研究人员还说,诸如噪音、超细颗粒物、氮氧化物和来自轮胎磨损的颗粒等也有可能与失忆症有关。

然而,这份研究只关注在确诊人群生活的地方。

Hong Chen

 

Email Address(es)  hong.chen@oahpp.ca

Office Phone         (647) 260-7109

Office Address      480 University Avenue, Suite 300 Toronto, Ontario M5G 1V2

Website(s)             Public Health Ontario

Division(s)/Office   Occupational & Environmental Health Division

Position                  Assistant Professor

 

Appointments

·       Assistant professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto

·       Adjunct scientist, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences

Academic degrees and accreditations

·       Doctor of philosophy (Epidemiology), McGill University

·       Master of science (Management Information Systems), Texas A&M University

·       Master of science (Environmental Sciences), University of Akron

Areas of expertise

·       Environmental epidemiology

·       Environmental exposure assessment

·       Biostatistics

·       Environmental exposure assessment using geographic information systems (GIS)

PHO research interests

·       Understanding the human health effects of exposure to environmental risk factors, particularly ambient air pollution, traffic-related noise, and extreme temperature.

·       Methodological development regarding the modelling of health impacts of air pollution, with a focus on developing spatiotemporal models to characterize the spatial and temporal variability of air pollutants.

·       Informing policy- and decision-making on actions geared towards achieving environmental exposure reduction and disease prevention.

Current PHO research activities

·       Assessing the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and noise and the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

·       Investigating the effects of air pollution on the development of major neurodegenerative diseases, especially dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.

·       Quantifying the health burden of ambient temperatures on mortality and morbidity.

·       Examining the effects of environmental exposures on the long-term survival and other outcomes of adults living with major chronic diseases.

·       Evaluating the public health impacts of environmental health programs, such as smog advisories.

 

PROFESSIONAL SUMMARY & APPOINTMENTS

 

Assistant Professor, Occupational and Environmental Health Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto (2012-Present)

Scientist, Environmental Health Assessment, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario (2013-Present)

Adjunct Scientist, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (2013-Present)

Environmental Epidemiologist, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario (2010-2012)

 

HONOURS & AWARDS

 

New Principal Investigator Best Poster Award, Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) (2014)

Graduate Research Enhancement and Travel Award, McGill University (2010)

Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) Doctoral Research Award (2008)

Principal’s Graduate Fellowship, McGill University (2008)

Fonds de recherche en santé du Québec (FRSQ) Doctoral Training Award (2008)

Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre Studentship, McGill University (2007)

 

CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS

 

Currently, I am principal investigator of ONtario Population Health and Environment Cohort (ONPHEC), a large, population-based cohort in the province of Ontario, Canada focusing on understanding the independent and combined effects of various environmental exposures (e.g., air pollution, traffic-related noise, green space) on the development and progression of chronic diseases. Another objective of ONPHEC is to evaluate public health impacts of environmental-related policies and programs. Funded by Health Canada and CIHR, the overarching goal of ONPHEC is to gain new insights into the environmental burden of chronic diseases and to provide policy-relevant research findings. Currently, five major projects are underway in the context of ONPHEC as follows:

To determine the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and noise and the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes;

To investigate the effects of air pollution on the development of major neurodegenerative diseases, especially dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis;

To quantify the health burden of ambient temperatures on mortality and morbidity;

To examine the effects of environmental exposures (e.g., air pollution, greenspace, etc) on the long-term survival and other outcomes of adults living with major chronic diseases; and

To evaluate public health impacts of environmental health programs, such as smog advisories and extreme cold warnings, using novel causal inference methodologies.

* Potential opportunities are available for postdoctoral research fellows, doctoral students, and summer practicum students. Inquires to these opportunities are welcome.

 

 



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